For evaluating the safety of pediatric anesthesia in an outpatient setting, 100 cases were selected by convenient sampling method in Mofid children hospital. Information about POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS (during 24h) were gathered by telephone interview.Most of patients were in the 1-4years age group (55%), 4-8years, 1 month to 1 year, above 8years and below 1 month were situated respectively. Four surgical procedures of inguinal hernia, hydrocele, circumcision and ectopy of testis consist 73% of all the surgeries. Ninety eight Percent of the surgeries were performed under general anesthesia. In these patients, 25% received narcotics, and in 42% regional block were combined with general anesthesia. Fifteen Percent of the patients were intubated. COMPLICATIONS that occurred at home were pain and restlessness (29%. most common), Nausea and vomiting (17%), sleep disturbances (11%), fever (7%), Anorexia (6%), Urinary retension (5.3%), hoarseness 4% and cough 3%.

Introduction: Esophageal atresia (EA) is a relatively common congenital anomaly. Following the increase in the survival rate of neonates with appropriate surgical procedures, timely diagnosis and treatment of surgical COMPLICATIONS are essential. Materials and Methods: After getting ethical approval, all the patients who underwent surgery for EA at Tabriz Children's Hospital were contacted, and in case of any long-term COMPLICATIONS, parents were invited to visit the hospital. Results: Fifty-five children, including 31 boys and 24 girls, with a mean birth weight of 2734. 63±566. 21 grams and an APGAR score of 8. 75±0. 96, participated in this study. The most common type of EA was type C (87. 3%). Respiratory disorders (47. 3%) and marked anastomotic stenosis (21. 8%) are the most common COMPLICATIONS following surgery. Anastomotic stenosis was associated with suture tension, tracheal intubation >5 days, and birth weight<2, 500 grams. Conclusion: In the POSTOPERATIVE phase of EA surgery, respiratory disorders are a common complication. Anastomotic stenosis is the second most common complication. It is associated with suture tension, tracheal intubation for more than five days, birth weight less than 2, 500 grams, Gastroesophageal reflux into the esophagus, and leakage from anastomosis. There is a need for future multi-center studies to provide more reliable evidence

Cardiovascular disorders remain the leading cause of death around the world. Heart transplan-tation is considered the only therapeutic choice defined as the gold standard strategy to manage end-stage heart failure. Nevertheless, the remaining POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS compromise both the survival rate and quality of life in heart transplantation recipients. The present study aimed to review the current findings concerning the main early COMPLICATIONS after heart trans-plantation, reliable predictors, diagnostic approaches, novel surgical techniques, and manage-ment strategies. The results demonstrated that significant advances in immunosuppressive phar-maceuticals, determining appropriate policies for donor acceptance, pre-and post-operative treatment/care, selection of the most compatible donor with the recipient, and the suggestion of novel diagnostic and surgical techniques over the past decade had dropped the mortality and morbidity rates early after transplantation. However, marrhythmia, atrial flutter, atrial fibrilla-tion, deep sternal wound infection along with other sites infections, low cardiac output syn-drome, acute graft dysfunction, pericardial effusion, constrictive pericarditis, and acute cellular rejection could be considered as the major early COMPLICATIONS following heart transplanta-tions that pivotally require further investigations.

Purpose: To define the characteristics of patients who experienced POSTOPERATIVE uveitis following cataract surgery and its related morbidities. Methods: In this prospective descriptive study, 126 patients who experienced POSTOPERATIVE uveitis following cataract surgery were examined. Of them, 110 patients had follow up examinations from 3 to 30 months (mean 11.7 months). Associated systemic and ocular disorders, type of surgery, type of intraocular lens and viscoelastic, final best corrected visual acuity, and early and late morbidities were studied. Results: The patients included 64 (50.8%) males and 62 (49.2%) females aged 58±14.9years. The surgery was phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation (PE+PCIOL) in 72 cases (57.1%), extracapsular cataract extraction and PCIOL (ECCE+PCIOL) in 51 cases (40.5%), and lensectomy + PCIOL in 3 cases (2.4%). Among 110 patients who committed follow up examinations, 56 cases (51%) were female and 54 cases (49%) were male. Late COMPLICATIONS were posterior capsular opacity (PCO) in 38 cases (34.5%) and cystoid macular edema (CSME) in 4 cases (3.6%). Symptoms of uveitis occurred during 2 weeks after surgery in most of the patients (69.8%). and all patients responded well to topical or systemic steroids. Final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/30 or better in 76 cases (69%), between 20/40 and 20/80 in 24 cases (22%), and less than 20/80 in 10 cases (9%). All cases with BCVA less than 20/80 had ocular disease such as choroidal neovascularization scar or age-related macular degeneration, advanced glaucoma, or corneal opacity.Conclusion: POSTOPERATIVE uveitis following cataract surgery has no serious late COMPLICATIONS and final corrected visual acuity of the patients is satisfactory.